Potential of Ethanol-to-jet (ETJ) in Accordance with Carbon Offsetting and Reduction Scheme for International Aviation (CORSIA)

Abstract

The purposes of this study were to evaluate and determine economic and technical potential of ethanol used for the biojet fuels from Ethanol-to-jet (ETJ) technology, which has been enlisted from 2021 to 2035, whether this can be worth developing to serve the carbon offsetting for CORSIA. The international aviation data were used to determine the overall the biojet’s ethanol demand from fuel quantities, ICAO maximum blending ratio acceptance and carbon emission using sensitivity analysis, the total ethanol consumption to determine annually overall ethanol demand excluding biojet fuels, and the quantities of ethanol production in Thailand. The stock from ethanol producer was additionally applied for the investigation of the supply potential of ethanol. The result of this study has revealed that the economic potential under the normal scenario has the potential to develop the technology to serve biojet fuels. Similarly, under the COVID-19 scenario, has also shown the potential to develop this technology to serve this biojet fuels. Regarding the technical potential, under the normal scenario, it was appeared the possibility of the ethanol insufficiency on the long run even including the stock of ethanol producer until the post-period of CORSIA timeframe. Meanwhile, under the COVID-19 scenario revealed that Thailand was possibly produce sufficient ethanol demand after the mid-period of CORSIA timeframe. However, on year 2025-2027 shows that there was a possibility of ethanol shortage due to excessive demand.